Particle Accelerators Principle Working And Application

One of the most important tools of nuclear science is the particle accelerator. Priorrnto its invention in 1928, the only known sources of particles that could induce nuclearrnreactions were the natural alpha particle emitters, for example radium. In fact, thernonly type of nuclear reaction known during that period was that of an alpha particlerninteracting with a nucleus and producing a proton. Today the use of natural alpharnemitters to induce nuclear reactions is largely of historical interest because acceleratorsrnproduce higher intensities and higher energies of not only alpha particles. Particlernaccelerators are now widely used in a variety of applications for scientific research,rnelemental analysis, medicine, industrial processing, power engineering, atomic physics,rnnuclear physics and industrial processing. It may have a major impact in the world inrnthe next century. In this review we reveal that the history and development, workingrnprinciples and construction of some major types of particle accelerators and some majorrnapplications of particle accelerators.

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