In developing countries like Ethiopia helminthiasis is a colossal health problem affecting rnmillions of people, especially children. This disease is also zoonotic and common in animals. rnInaccessibility of medications to the local community and emergence of resistance to the rnavailable drugs are currently major issues in the treatment of helminthiasis. Local traditional rnremedies, mostly of plant origin, have long been in use for the treatment of helminthiasis. In rnEthiopian traditional medicine, Allophylus abyssinicus, Clerodendrum myricoides, Commelina rnbenghalensis, Ekebergia capensis, Mimusops kummel, and Ximenia caffra are among the plants rnused against helminthes. In the present study, hydroalcoholic extracts prepared from the rnaforementioned plants have been tested for their anthelmintic activity against Caenorhabditis rnelegans. It was found that the leaf extract of M. kummel possesses much stronger activity than rnthe other plant extracts tested. Bioassay guided fractionation resulted in the identification of rnhydroxylated fatty acids from column sub-fractions of the n-hexane fraction of M. kummel. GC-rnMS identified 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (3) and prost-13-ene-1-oic acid, 9-rn(methoxyimino)-11,15-dihydroxy (4) as major components of the most active sub-fraction. rnSimilarly, another hydroxyl fatty acid tentatively identified as (E)-3-hydroxydec-4-enoic acid rnwas also isolated from active n-hexane fraction. Application of ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR as rnwell as X-ray crystallography further identified the polyhydroxy alcohol quercitol (1), and two rnflavonoids namely, epicatechin (5), and myricitrin (6) from the ethyl acetate fraction of M. rnkummel. However, none of the compounds showed activity against C. elegans. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that all the selected plants used in Ethiopian traditional medicine rnfor the treatment of helminthiasis show variable activity against C. elegans worms with M. rnkummel leaf extract exhibiting the strongest effect. The study also revealed that the reputed rnanthelmintic effect of M. kummel is attributed to the presence of hydroxyl fatty acids.