This study comprised Land use and Land Cover (LULC), floristic composition andrnstructural analyses, human forest interaction, and species distribution modelling ofrnYegof forest. This study is aimed to investigate the natural dynamics, spatialrnconfiguration and modelling of Yegof forest and its surrounding forest patches. ThernLULC maps of the landscape were produce from landsat MSS (1972-12-07), TMrn(1986-02-09), and ETM+ (2015-03-10) images. The produced LULC maps were usedrnto compare the magnitude of fragmentation using selected metrics. For floristicrncomposition and structural analysis of Yegof forest and its surrounding forestrnpatches, (Erkis, Harbu, Suki, Harego, Biraro, and Abuli) field data was collected onrn164 sampling plots. The land use drivers and the status of the forest resources underrndifferent forest management regimes were identified and evaluated using structuredrnhousehold questionnaire survey. The current and the likely future distribution rangernof Hagenia abyssinica population, flagship species in the forest, were modelled. Therndata were analysed using suitable analytical software packages including, R,rnBiodiversity Pro, SPSS, MaxEnt, QGIS, DIVA-GIS, and FRAGSTATS. Significantrndifferences between means and ranks were tested. The result of LULC analysis fromrn1986 to 2015 showed agriculture land and settlement area increased from 67.26% torn80.08% and from 1.63% to 1.93% in the landscape, respectively. In contrast,rnforestland and shrub land had decreased from 11.23% to 8.25% and from 17.83% torn3.35% in the landscape, respectively. The set of ten metrics has revealed that thernforest of Yegof and the surrounding patch forests were experiencing a lesserrnfragmentation intensity in the year 1986 than that of 1972 and 2015. This study hasrnrecorded 292 species of vascular plants belonging to 219 genera representing 84rnfamilies. The vegetation of the Forests was classified into five, namely Juniperusrnprocera, Olea europaea subsp. caspidata - Olinia rochetiana, Carissa spinarum -rnEuphorbia candelabrum, Nuxia congesta-Myrsine africana and Acacia bervispica-rnDichrostachys cinerea -Acacia seyal community types. The community types wererndescribed with varying degree of species richness, evenness, and diversity. Thernelevation and slope qualifies as the best predictor for species composition, while heatrnload and landform do not mirror this pattern. Density of tree species in the forestsrndecreases with increasing DBH and Height classes, which show that the forest is inrnthe secondary state of development. Fuelwood harvesting is the major cause ofrndeforestation in the area. Hagenia abyssinica population in the study area is found tornbe highly affected by climate change. So that, launching provenance trials in the arearnfor the selection of highly adaptive individuals under the effects of climate change isrnindispensable