Fertility is an important component of population dynamics which plays a major role in the sizernand structure of a given population. Uncontrolled fertility has adversely influenced the socioeconomic, demographic and environmental development of the country. Ethiopia is one of the mostrnpopulous countries in Africa, which suffers from direct and indirect population problems. The totalrnfertility rate (TFR) is 4.6 children per woman and under five mortality rates 59 per 1000 live births.rnThis paper investigates the impact of female employment in large scale agricultural investment onrnfertility in two areas Sawdi-star agricultural investment and Merti agricultural investmentrnGambella and Oromia region respectively in Ethiopia.rnThere were 375 and 461 women resides in adjacent to large scale agricultural investment (LAI)rnand far away from large scale agricultural investment (LAI) respectively selected using simplernrandom sampling method. The hypothesis that female employed by large scale agriculturalrninvestment (LAI) may lower fertility rates address this question empirically using household surveyrndata and SPSS Version 20 binary logistic regression techniques were used to analyze the data.rnFinding is that 64.1 percent (537 women) are employed in large scale agricultural investment,rn31.5% of whom would prefer to have a child. Whereas 33.4% woman who are not employed wouldrnprefer to have a child, showing the proportion of women who desire to have an additional childrnbeing lower for employed women compared to the unemployed. It is also found that, the averagerndesired number of children of women who live in far away from large scale agricultural investmentrn(LAI) areas of Ethiopia was 1.606 higher than women who lives in adjacent to it. This shows thatrnwomen employment in large scale agricultural investment (LAI) have a significant negative effectrnon fertility rates. Being involved in economic activity is a real option and can therefore impactrnupon their reproductive life; Greater involvement of women in the labour force is the reason forrnfertility decline woman within large scale agricultural investment (LAI). These findings illustraternhow important it is to consider social gender-specific roles in order to accurately determine therninfluence of female employment on reproductive life. Measures are taken to decrease fertility statusrnbesides promoting child survival with expanding interventions to reduce the high fertility raternthrough child health services in large scale agricultural investment (LAI), is recommended.