Due to the high cost of surfactant production caused by petrochemical feedrnstocks, considerable attention has been given to non-edible vegetable oils as anrnalternative source of feedstock. In this paper, a new non-edible oil derivedrnsurfactant based on Jatropha plant is synthesized. In this study the objectivernis synthesis and characterization of anionic surfactant from Jatropha Oil tornsubstitute petroleum based anionic surfactant.rnThe oil of jatropha was extracted by using Mechanical press andrncharacterization of the oil has been done in order to make sure the oil is best fitrnfor synthesizing anionic surfactant. Using transesterification process thernextracted oil reacts with methanol by using catalyst sodium hydroxide tornproduce methyl ester. The molar ratio of H2SO4 to methyl ester, reactionrntemperature, reaction time and agitation speed on the sulfonation process ofrnmethyl ester produced was statistically investigated and important conditionsrnare determined.rnA four-factor central composite design (CCD) combined with response surfacernmodeling (RSM) and optimization was employed for maximizing the yield ofrnsulfonated methyl ester based on 20 different experimental data. Analysis ofrnvariance (ANOVA) and other tests were used to test the significance of thernindependent variables and their interactions. Adequacy of the model was testedrnby the correlation between experimental and predicted response andrnenumeration of prediction errors. The predicted maximum active mater (68.3%)rnwas found under the optimum conditions of the process variables (1:1 molarrnratio of H2SO4 to methyl ester, 65oC of reaction temperature and 1.5 hours ofrnreaction time) the result is close to the experimental value (69%) determined.