The objective of this study was the production of bioethanol from watermelon peel in order tornminimize the energy cost and substitute the non-renewable energy by using renewable resources.rnThe conversion of watermelon peel to ethanol can be achieved mainly by four process steps.rnPretreatment of watermelon peel to remove different contaminants, drying at 65Â°C for 48 h,rnfollowed by grinding to the particle size of 2 mm are the initial steps. Then, after soaking inrndilute acid, the pretreated watermelon peel was converted into reducing sugar (glucose). Thisrnfollowed by the fermentation of the sugars to ethanol using Saccharomycese cerevisiae andrndistillation. Box Behnken Design (BBD) designed the experiment with three factors (mass ofrnreducing sugar concentration, pH and Inoculum level). Seventeen runs were carried out andrnanalyzed using Design Expert 11 software, to investigate the effects of fermentation parametersrnon yield of ethanol. The mass of reducing sugar was varied from 2.551g to 4.891 g, pH wasrnvaried from 4 to 6 and Inoculum was varied from 10 to 20 mL during fermentation. Thernmaximum yield was observed at inoculum level of 15 mL; mass reducing sugar 3.721g and a pHrnof 5. Mass of reducing sugar and inoculum level has a statistically significant effect on the yieldrnwith p-values of 0.0082 and 0.0001, respectively. However, high inoculum level causes a declinernin the ethanol yield. The statistical analysis also showed that the ethanol yield of (0.482mL/g)rnwere obtained at optimized values of the variables, 3.698 g mass of reducing sugar, 5.02 pH, andrninoculum level of 15.82 mL. This reveals a good agreement with the observed value of thernethanol yield (0.497 mL/g). Characterization of the bioethanol produced was performed usingrnFourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and High Performance Liquid Chromatographyrn(HPLC). From result, it was observed that the ethanol produced from watermelon peel containsrnOH, CO, CH2, and CH3 functional groups, when compound with standard ethanol confirming thernpresence of ethanol in the product. The HPLC result showed that the product (Bioethanol) had anrnRT value of 21.871 min similar to the RT value of 21.86 min for the standard, confirming thernpresence of ethanol.