This is a community based cross-sectional study conducted in Hossana Town southern Ethiopiarnn from December to January 2004; to assess the role of currently married men age 20-64 years inrncontraceptive use and fertility presences. A multistage sampling procedure was carried out torninterview 776 men in study area. A pre-tested structured questionnaire complemented with focusrngroup discussion was the main instrument used for data collection.rnThe study revealed that median age at marriage was found to be 25.9 years in the Study are.rnAverage number of living children in the study area was found to be 3.84, while ideal number ofrnchildren desired was 5.2 children per men. Ninety one point five percent of the study populationrnhas heard of contraception and 79.4% of the study population knew at least one method ofrncontraception.rnThe contraceptive prevalence in Hossana Town was 47.6%. Among the non-users of familyrnplanning 13% of respondents mentioned desired to have more children, 8.4% mentioned thatrnrespondent opposed, followed by fear of side effects (5.4%), religious prohibition (4.5%) andrnknown no methods was (2.7%). Fourteen point six percent of men in the study area wasrndiscontinued using family planning due to desire to have more children.rnThe most commonly mentioned reason for using contraception among current users was childspacingrnby 30.7% and the second most commonly mentioned reason was child limiting byrn17.5%. Thirty â€“seven point eight percent of men in the study area have never used familyrnplanning methods. Fifty-nine point four percent of men in the study area have mentionedrnintention to use family planning in the near future.rnKnowledge about contraception, family size, discussion with wives about family planning andrnfertility in the family, attitudes of respondents and their partners were found to be determinatesrnfor contraception. Participating of men in family planning service delivery system, maximizingrnaccess to good quality services, improving the quality of family planning services, and makingrncontraceptive method mix easier to obtain and use will help to meet need of many men