Dietary Pattern Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients On Follow Up In Public Hospitals Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Background Controlled diet plays a major role in delaying diseases progression among diabetesrnpatients. Diabetes patients often have difficulty of identifying the recommended type, quality andrnquantity of diet. Knowledge of a recommended diet for diabetes patients influences patient’srnfood selection and dietary pattern .This study aimed to assess the dietary pattern of type 2rndiabetes patients in relation to the recommended dietary guideline and identify the patterns withrnoptimal glycemic control.rnObjective: To assess the dietary pattern and knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients onrnthe recommended diet in public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.rnMethods: The study employed Institutional based cross-sectional study design from July 2015 tornJune 2016.We used a semi quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) with 67 food itemsrnto evaluate the dietary pattern and nutrient intake of type 2 diabetes patients. We identifiedrndietary patterns using factor analysis. The relationship between the dietary patterns and glycemicrncontrol was investigated by multivariate regression analysis using STATA version12.1.rnResult- A total of 385 patients with diabetes were included in the study. Five dietary patternsrnwere identified. The dietary patterns were; (i) the “cereals, vegetable, legumes and fruits”, (ii) thern“cereal, meat, vegetable and wine”, (iii) the “fast food” and (iv) the” vegetable and coffee”, (v)rnthe “sweet and dairy product” dietary pattern. Carbohydrate mean intake was higher than thernrecommended daily allowance while energy is lower but the intake of total fat, protein, and fiberrnwere within the recommended daily allowance. The “cereals, vegetable legumes and fruits”, andrnthe “cereal, meat, vegetable and wine” dietary patterns were positively associated with goodrnglycemic control. Poor dietary knowledge was found in more than half (55.8%) of the patients.rnConclusion and recommendation.-Being a member of diabetes association and those who gotrnmore advice from a doctor were more likely to follow healthy dietary pattern. Those who followsrnvaried pattern (vegetable, fruit, legumes & cereal) based had good control of glycemia. Morernthan half of the patients had poor dietary knowledge. Integrating dietary education in thernmanagement of diabetes mellitus could lead to better outcome.rnKey words -Type 2 diabetes, dietary pattern, knowledge, semi quantitative FFQ, Factor analysis

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