Study Of Prevalence Of Opportunistic Infections Among Hivaids Patients In Addis Ababa Public Hospitals

Introduction: - The end result of HIV/ AIDS infection is the depletion of the immune systemrnleading to a spectrum of various HIV/ AIDS associated opportunistic infections. Tuberculosisrnchronic and acute diarrhea of protozoal and bacterial infections, central nervous systemrninfections with toxoplasma Gondi is the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in HIV/ AIDSrninfected patents.rnObjective: To describe the prevalence of opportunistic infection among HIV/AIDS patients andrnto identify socio-demographic factors for the development of severe forms namely centralrnnervous system toxoplasmosis, pneumocysitc carrini pneumonia in the antiretro viral therapyrnclinics of public hospitals in Addis Ababa.rnMethods: A cross sectional study design on clinical records of HIV/AIDS patients in ARTrnclinics. Systematic random sampling method was used to obtain the required sample. The totalrnsample size was 566rnResult: Oral candidacies 326(58. 0 %), Tuberculosis of all forms 260 (45.9%) and herpes zosterrn198 (35%) had the highest prevalence. Therefore the prevalence of sever forms of thernopportunistic infections made up 17.7% of the total sample. Using binary logistic regressionrnmodel, WHO stage IV had an independent association with the distribution of the sever forms ofrnthe opportunistic infections. The odds of having the sever forms of the opportunistic infectionsrnwas 40 times higher in the respondents who were in stage IV condition than stage III or IIrncombined. The distribution of the sever form of opportunistic infections in St. Peter’s hospitalrnwas lower by 85% as compared to the referent hospital. There was no difference in therndistribution of the sever forms of the opportunistic infections in the other 7 hospitals. There wasrnalso no difference in the distribution of the sever forms of the opportunistic infections among thernsocio demographic group of the age, sex, marital status and education.rnConclusion: Oral candidacies, TB of all forms and herpes zoster were the predominant OIS.rnOnly WHO stage IV condition and patients from St. Peters hospital were associated with therndistribution of sever forms of the OIs.rnRecommendation: Skilled professionals for the management of the OIs and the implementationrnof the TB and HIV collaborative activities are of critical importance.rnVIII

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