Malaria is a leading public health problem in Ethiopia where an estimated 68% of thernpopulation lives in malarious areas. In 2005, malaria has been reported as the first leadingrncause of morbidity & mortality accounting for 48% of out patient consultation, 20%rnadmissions and 24.9% inpatient deaths. It has also been documented in the nationwidernchild survival study that malaria affected school attendance by 20% and contributes to 47%rnof the child deaths in Ethiopia.rnKnowledge on local malaria situations is an important step in planning intervention andrncontrol activities since the transmission dynamics and determinants differ from place tornplace and in time. In the study area there is scarcity of community based studies whichrncould provide recent information on the epidemiology of malaria for planning andrnimplementation of effective prevention and control activities.rnA cross sectional study was carried out in Bushulo, Awassa District ,Sidama Zone,rnSNNPR from February 2006 to May 2006 with the objective to estimate prevalence ofrnmalaria and Factors influencing it.rnA total of 487 children and 200 households were studied from four rural localities selectedrnby simple random sampling and using proportional to size allocation to each locality. Thernresponse rate was 98.2%. Household and clinical data were collected using semi-structuredrnquestionnaires and a format was used for laboratory data. Blood samples were taken withrnaseptic technique from 487children 2 -9 years of age for microscopy.rnviiirnResults of the study revealed that malaria parasite rate was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.4-6.1) wherernas fever rate and spleen rates were 9% (95% CI: 6.7-12) and 10.9% (95%CI: 8.3-14)rnrespectively. Household ITNs prevalence was 39%. Multivariate logistic regressionrnanalysis was done to identify risk factors and the result revealed that family size 5 (prnvalue