Background: Very high number of unsafe abortions occurre annually in Asia and Africa given the highrnand still increasing rate of HIV prevalence among women of reproductive age in these regions. InrnEthiopia the national HIV prevalence among women estimated to be 4 % which is higher than men andrnit has been speculated that the prevalence rate may be higher among women seeking pregnancyrntermination than ANC attendants.rnObjective: To assess the risk factors of HIV/AIDS among women receiving post abortion care in 5rnpublic hospitals of Addis Ababa.rnMethods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from February to March 2007. A total ofrn405 participants were interviewed using structured questionnaire. An in-depth interview was alsornconducted in 5 % of study subjects and heads of post abortion care units of sampled hospitals.rnResults: The odds of having perceived HIV infection risk was 2 times higher among women whornpresented with induced abortion compared with spontaneous one (P< 0.05, OR=1.91 (1.02, 3.60rnMarital status, number of sexual partner(s), occupational status and having sex first with permanentrnsexual partners were found to have significant statistical association with high HIV infection perceptionrnrisk. Misconception on the mode of transmission and prevention of HIV was assessed by the educationalrnstatus and it revealed that misconception statistically associated with being not educated (p< 0.05, df= 1,rnx2 = 5.44). However, no significance statistical associations observed on knowledge and misconceptionrnby the type of abortion (p > 0.05).rnConclusions: The perceived HIV infection risk of the study subjects in general and single andrnemployed women in particular were high. Therefore, special attention should be given to women whornare at risk to HIV infection.