Prevalence And Determinants Of Tuberculous Infection In Children In Bale Region

The determination of the pre v~ len ce of tuberculoslS inf ection ,I i thinrnage groups and the relation of lnfection to factors under study , i,e.,rn,rnprevious BeG vaccination, raw milk consumption, and ·intimate exposure torncattle VJere evaluated in a c ross-sect l cna l community-based t ubercu lin skinrntest survey, and case-control analysis of the re13tion of infectlon to thernfactors unde r- study in Mendeyo Awraja, Ba 'le region (south-east Etniopia) 1rnin chi ldren 6 months to ~5 years at age. A su rvey consisting of anrninterview, exami nati orl of BeG scar on the ri ght shoulder , and tuberculinrnskin testing and re a::.nng io-Jas conductea en 1892 children, ldentified byrnsystematic househo ld survey from ten randoml y se lected peasant Yl1 lages inrnMendeyo Awraja.rnOut of the total 1892 children surveyed 1002 (53%) were males andrn890 (47%) were females . 1028 (54.3%) had a BeG scar and 864 (45.7%) hadrnno BeG scar ; the prevalence of tubercul osis infection in these groups wasrn1 'I .8% and 15.3% respect i ve 1 y • The overall prevalence of tUberculosisrninfection 1'i3S 13.4%. The mean age of the surveyed children 'Ias 6 years .rnPreva lence of i nfeet i on was low ; n infants and chi 1 dren under 5 years ofrnage and increases ·Jith age , being high in 12 to 15 years old. There vJas arnsignl f icant as socia tion between infect i on and previo us no n-BeGrnvacc inat ion, and intimate exposure to catt le, as determined by ch i squarernstatistics (p < .05). There was no significant associat ion betweenrnI'n.f,e c +.... l'0 n and raw cow'~ mi l k co nsump~ ion (p > . 05).rnThe average alillU(l.L risk of infec1;ion as cRJ.cul ateci. fro31 the results of thernstudy in non-vaccl:1atect Gill J.drcn '':is 2.73%. Incidence of smear-posi ti vernpulmonary tuber culosis cases was r:.alcvlated to be about 387 cases perrn290,000 population (the settled awraja' s population I . The study ha.srnenabled us to determine the annual risk of infection and incidence ofrnsmear- positive pulmonary t uberculosis cases iL the community (awraja).rn"

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