Background: Typhlitis also known as neutropenic enterocolitis is a necrotizing enteropathy ofrnthe right colon. It is characterized by the clinical triad of fever, abdominal pain, neutropenia andrnimaging findings of right-side colonic inflammation. It is most often seen in the setting of severernneutropenia in immunesuppressed patients who are undergoing treatment for malignancies, inrnthose who have undergone organ transplant(s) or have congenital or acquired causes ofrnimmunesuppresion. We report the clinical and imaging findings of typhlitis in pediatric cancerrnpatients who have taken chemotherapy in the largest tertiary center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopiarnover a period of 20 months. rnMethods: Medical records of hospitalized patients were screened for plain radiograph,rnultrasound and computerized tomographic scan requests for suspected typhlitis in those onrninpatient cancer treatment (November 2018- July 2020 G.C). Retrospective case note analysisrnwas done to collect the clinical data of those with typhlitis. rnResult: Typhlitis was identified in 4.2% (12/286) of the patients on chemotherapy. Elevenrnpatients (91.7%) had hematologic malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma), 1 patient had a solidrntumor (Head and neck embryonal RMS). Most (83.3%) had abdominal pain, diarrhea andrnneutropenia. Fever was identified in 67.7% of patients. All had ultrasound evidence supportive ofrntyphlitis. All were treated with IV antibiotics. There were no complications requiring surgicalrnintervention. No child died during an episode of typhlitis. rnConclusion: The magnitude of typhlitis was found to be comparable to what is reported in otherrnstudies. The clinical findings of abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever in a neutropenic patient who hasrnsigns of colonic inflammation should prompt for the diagnosis of this case.