Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Program (RWSSHP) was designed/or Ethiopia basedrnon experience of other developing countries in Africa as well as early experiences in Ethiopia. Thernprogram was designed to bring positive changes in lives and conditions of the rural people throughrnradical improvement in water supply and sanitation services as well as behavioral change inrnpersonal and environmental hygiene. 117e program is the main strategy for the allainment of UAP inrnsuch a way that all program inclusive woredas will attain 100 percent water supply and sanitationrncoverage by preparing and implementing strategic plan of R WSSHP.rnin Oromia region the program is being implemented in 152 woredas, of which the study woreda isrnone of the woredas where the program was early commenced. The overall objective of this study is tornassess the achievements of the program sofaI' and challenges of the program's implementation in thernregion with a case study of Bereh woreda of the North Shewa Zone. in doing so, the research wasrnaimed at obtaining factors that challenging program's implementation in the study woreda mylrnforward recommendations for its improvements in the fii/llre. Moreover, it was intended to give arnclueforfitrther study at broader level in the regionrnThe study woreda has prepared five years strategic plan for the period of 2005/06 - 2009/ 10. It wasrnplanned to increase rural water supply coverage of the woreda from 23.84% at base year to 100%rnand sanitation coverageji-om nil to 100% at the end the program's period.rnIn the study both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Focus groupsrnDiscussion, Key Informants Discussion and observation methods were the major data collectionrntools used to generate primw)I data. Inventory of water supply schemes and household latrine wasrnalso conducted to produce a primw)I data. All available and relevant secondw)I data were used tornsubstantiate the primw)I datci. Data analysis of the research was dane by triangulating the findingsrnof different research tools and data sources one with/against the other. In doing so, conclusions andrnrecommendations were drawn from the findings.rnAccordingly, it was reveled that failure to establish Strategic Plan Commillee which is responsiblernfor preparation of the strategic plan of the woreda was the primwy problem in the program'srnimplementation. Moreover, the planning pracess was not participatolY; the strategic plan documentrnwas poorly appraised to make it feasible or practicable. On the other hand, though less than its planrnrural water supply coverage of the woreda has increased from 23.84% to 3-1.6% and sanitationrncoverage from nil to 14.8%. The study has also revealed that there is poor tvf&E s)lstem. The woredarnhas established a comprehensive reliable data base, but failed to update it at least on yearly basis.rnXlrnGenerally, there is no good practice o.ffeedback system in the program's impLementation. Integrationrnoj program activities (stakeholders coordination) is almost non-existent. The program is notrnmainstreamed in the identified stakehoLder organizations. There is wide financial deficiency jorrnprogram's implementation. In the study, it was realized that training component oj capacity buiLdingrnwas relatively weLL done and a reliabLe Local Service Providers were created to augment thernshortage oj local contractors in the water suppLy and health sectors in the woreda.rnFinally it is recommendable to establish a muLti-disciplinwy Strategic Plan Commiltee and revise thernstrategic pLan oj the woreda with filii knowLedge oj WWT and the woreda council. The pLan documentrnneed to be critically appraised bejore it will be approved and taken as working document.rnStakeholders anaLysis is beller done again to strengthen stakehoLders coordination and hencejosterrnintegration oj program's activities. Reji-eshment training need to be given jor concerned stakehoLdersrnand generally program's objectives and impLementation procedures need to be weLL communicatedrnamong the woreda staffs and within the user communities.