In Ethiopia, the Tigray national state, due to its geographical proximity tornEritrea host large number of Eritrean refugees in Shimeliba refugee camp.rnThey cross the Ethiopia border starting just after the end of the EthioEritrearnwar in 2001. Due to the very nature of vulnerability of women andrnfemales in refugee setting area assessing the gender aspects becomernsignificant. The study is new in the context of Ethiopia; and the situationrncould be precipitated by the prevalence of male dominant which ratiornnearly 1 :3.rnIn order to achieve the objectives focus group discussion, life story, survey,rnkey informant, and observation were employing as the main methods inrndata gathering. Qualitative and qualitative information were compiled fromrnrelevant agencies and organizations working with refugees. Thenrndescribed and analyzed the whole information in a coherent manner.rnAccording to the finding of this research a number of factors at institutionalrnand community level contributing to an influx of the Eritrean to Ethiopia.rnThe root causes for fleeing were govemmental repression: migration controlrnpolicy, banning the right of religious liberty, and ethnic disregarding. Thernsituation triggered by the out break of the Ethio-Eritrea war of 1998. In thernstudy area it is unique that the actors for gender-based violence are thernrefugee men. In addition to food ration and income generating activitiesrnremittances contribute significant sources of income to the refugeerncommunity. The result suggests that the need to participate the refugeerncommunity in the camp layout in a specified approach. Revising therndifferent discriminatory policy and law of Eritrea and appropriatelyrnintervene by different intemational institutions and countries becomernsignificant. Hence, the least durable solution for the refugee in theoryrnbecomes the best for the Eritrean that is resettlement to third country.