Land is the most important natural resource evenJWhere in the world and its importance for developingrncountries like Ethiopia is even 1110re critical due to their heavy dependency on land resources. However, thisrnvital resource is losing its productivih) due to land degradation.rnTIle overall objective of this research was to identifi) determinant factors of fanners' land managementrnpractices in Tole district of Oromia National Regional State. For that a comprehensive research approachrnwhich employs both qualitative and qualltitative data was used and data were collected both from priman)rnand secondan) sources. For primary data collection different data collection techniques which include;rnhousehold survey, focus group discussions, key informants interviews and personal observation were used.rnFor the household survey, 120 sample household heads were randomly selected from four sample kebeles.rnFor the secondan) data collection different documents were reviewed. TI,e collected data are analyzed usingrndescriptive and inferential statistics.rnThe findings of the research show that the district is facing increasing trend of land degradation. Gulliesrnand rills are common features in the district and large area of land is becoming out of use. On the otherrnhand, land management practices by farmers are found to be low in comparison to the level of degradation.rnThis research more specifically attempted to identifi) major factors that determine fanners' decision on twornrelatively common land management practices, terracing and manure application. Accordingly,rneducational stalus of farmers, farmers' access to extension services and farmers' training are identified tornhave significant positive impact both on terracing and manure application. Age of farmers and livestockrnholding are also iden tified to have significant positive influence on manure application, but not onrnterracing. Access to credit is identified to have significant negative influence on terracing and male headedrnhouseholds are more likely to practice terracing. Other remaining factors such as farmers' perception onrnland degradation problem on their own farmland, farm size and number of economically active householdrnmembers are not found to have significant influence.rnBased on the findings; fanllers' training, junctional adult literaCl) training, strengthening extensionrnservices, enhancing farmers' involvement in design and implementation of land management practices,rnexpansion of non-farm activities to minimize pressure on land aud others are recommended to minimize thernproblems of 10 lid degradation in the area.