This study was conducted to explore the role and contribution of Idirs in combatingrnHIV/AIDS through Home and Community Based Care (HCBC) programs in Adama town.rnIdirs are traditional community based organizations (CBOs) primarily established tornfacilitate burial ceremonies and comforting the bereaved. With the advent of HIV/AIDSrnpandemic, the role of Idirs has transformed from such single communal functions tornHIV/AIDS prevention and control. Ten Idirs in Adama have been implementing HCBCrnprogram to improve the quality of life of bed-ridden patients and their families. The studyrnemployed qualitative research method. Three Idirs that included in the study were selectedrnrandomly. After the three Idirs identified, the research participants were selected usingrnpurposive sampling technique. The qualitative data gathering instruments included in-depthrninterview, focus group discussion and observation. Subjects of the study include programrnbeneficiaries, voluntary care givers and Idirs HCBC committee members. Key informantrninterview also was carried out with government and non-government organizationsrnrepresentatives. The study involved strict respect for informed consent, voluntaryrnparticipation and confidentiality. The findings of the study indicated that Idirs HCBCrnprogram has significantly contributed to improve the life of bed-ridden patients. Despite thernimportant work of Idirs HBCB program, patients expressed unmet needs. Hence, insufficientrnnutrition support, housing problem, and care for AIDS orphans were major challenges of thernprogram. The study recommended the strengthening of HCBC program referral chain, localrnresource capacity, protecting and care of AIDS orphans and intervening in incomerngenerating activity (IGA) and integrating family planning services with HIV/AIDSrnprevention