The general objective of this study was to assess educational and psychosocialrnchallenges of orphan and vulnerable children in Kirkos sub city wereda 01 AbyotrnErmija primary school, Addis Ababa. The data were collected through interview ofrnfive orphan and vulnerable children, two teachers and two volunteer care givers,rnobservation of orphan and vulnerable children and analysis of documents.rnQualitative data analysis was employed to analyze the data. Results revealed thatrneducational challenges of orphan and vulnerable children include work burdensrnoutside school, absence of special classes like makeup and tutorials, inappropriaternteaching method for case in point fast lecturing, physical punishments, markrnreduction and absence of follow up whereas psychological challenges includerndiscrimination, isolation, peer influences like insults and gossips, verbal abuses fromrnteachers and unable to express ideas which are internal to the child as a result,rnorphan and vulnerable children develop feeling of helplessness, worthlessness,rnhopelessness, inferiority, stress, worry, tension, frustration, passiveness,rnemotionality, depression. Social challenges include social withdrawal due to fear ofrncriticism, poor social skill, no need of socialization, and poor life skills such asrncommunications and decision making Teachers in the school and stake holdersrnshould fully participate to intervene educational and psychosocial challenges ofrnorphan and vulnerable children