Antiretroviral Treatment (ART), although not a cure, can help people from becoming ill forrnmany years and this has improved the survival and recovery time of HIV patients. In 2011 arnnumber of 249,174 adults were on ART in Ethiopia. Although ART treatment has decreased HIVrnassociated mortality and morbidity, a number of patients still die after the start of ART. Thernpurpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the survival time and time tornimmunological recovery of HIV/AIDS patients under ART treatment. A sample of 387 patientsrnwas taken from patientsâ€™ records at Bahir-Dar Felege-Hiwot Referral Hospital from June 2006 tornAugust 2013. Kaplan-Meier estimation method and Cox proportional hazard model were appliedrnto describe and analyze the data. Females, baseline CD4 count >200cell/Î¼l, TB-negative, totalrnlymphocyte count â‰¥1200 cell/mm3 and baseline weight â‰¥45kg, no regimen change, goodrnadherence to treatment, WHO stage I, working functional status and negative-anemia werernidentified with longer survival time and shorter recovery time at 5% of significance level.rnPatients having no risk behaviors lived longer. Based on the Cox regression model results thernadjusted HRs were as follows: high CD4 count (aHR=0.99), negative-anemia patientsrn(aHR=0.27), good adherence to treatment (aHR=0.10), fair adherence to treatment (aHR=0.47),rnmale gender (aHR=1.81), TB-positive (aHR=3.58), bedridden functional status (aHR=5.07),rnambulatory functional status (aHR=1.30). The adjusted HRs for recovery time were as follows:rnpatients with high CD4 count (aHR=1.02), high weight (â‰¥45kg.) (aHR=1.03), WHO stage Irn(aHR=1.88), WHO stage II (aHR=1.67) and negative-anemia (aHR=1.34) had shorter time tornimmunological recovery at 5% level of significance. Male gender (aHR =0.73), old agern(aHR=0.98), total lymphocyte count