Risk Factors Of Mortality Among Patients With Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis In Addis Ababa And Gondar Ethiopia

Multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) occurs when the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,rnbecomes resistant to isonazid and rifampin, the two most effective drugs commonly used to treat TB.rnDespite high rates of MDR-TB in Ethiopia, little data exist on the prevalence of or risk factors for drugresistantrntuberculosis.rnThe objective of this study was to assess rates of and risk factors for MDR-TB in ALERT Hospital, AddisrnAbaba and Gondar University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.rnThe study included 342 MDR-TB patients (142 from ALERT hospital and 200 from UOGTRH) underrntreatment from August, 2011 to August, 2014 for whom data for variables of interest were complete.rnDescriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses were used as analytic methods. The Kaplan-rnMeier method was used to estimate the survival time and Cox’s regression model was employed tornidentify the covariates that may have statistical significant effect on the survival of MDR-TB patients.rnThe descriptive analysis indicates that out of the total 342 individuals, 37(10.8%) died; 11 and 12 deathsrnoccurred in the first and the second three months of MDR-TB treatment follow up, respectively. Thernmedian survival for MDR-TB patients was 16 months. Factors associated with increased risk of mortalityrnwere: having clinical complication ( 4.7161; 95%; 2.1861 – 10.1740), resistance to INH, RIFrnand at least one of other drugs (E, STM, KAN, AMK & CPM) 2.9771; 95%; 1.3586 −rn6.5238), smoking ( 3.17; 95%; 1.32 − 7.64), weight ( 0.9093; 95%; 0.8760 − 0.9440)rnand age ( 1.2199; 95%; 1.0681 − 1.3933).rnThe mortality rate of patients was high at the earlier times of treatment. Laboratory and clinical factorsrnwere associated with increased risk of mortality. Thus, those patients with poor laboratory/clinicalrncharacteristics should be identified and treated before they progress to advanced disease stages

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