The main purpose of this study was to assess major factors that hare an impact on femalernstudents' academic achievement in general secondary schools of West Wollega Zone. Thernstudy aimed at identifYing in school and out of school factors related to girls' academicrnachievement. To attain the objectires, the study employed a descriptive survey method. '"rnThus, the study was conducted on four general secondary s.c. hools of West Wollega Zonernthat were selected using simple random sampling techniques from 30 general secondGlYrnschools of the zone. The study included 244 female students and 67 teachers selectedrnusing simple random sampling to give equal chance for all students, four principals andrnfour woreda education office heads were selected by Qvailabilily sampling techniquesrnrespectively, while eight parents of female students were included using accidentalrnsampling techniques from sample schools. Questionnaires, document analysis andrninterviell' were the instruments for data collection. Statistical tools such as percentage,rnchi-square and rank order correlarions were used to analyze the data gathered sho'wedrnthat the major in school factors affecting students' academic achievement in generalrnsecondmy schools were lack of guidance and counseling services, f emale students failurernto study, conduct tutorial and other supporting progra,!1,' lack of motivation of femalernstudents to learn, and poor school facility were identified.. On the other hand, , lack ofrntime to study at home, lack of parental support., parental lack or low level of education,rnand household responsibility were identified as our-of-school (actors that hinderedrnfemales' academic achievement in the study area. The studies also found out that, thernacademic performance of female students were a function of multi dimensional variables,rnwhich generally emanate ji'0l11 in-school and out-of-school systems Based on these majorrnfindings conclusions were made. Finally, based on the findings alld conclusions certainrnrecommendations were made.