The purpose of this study was to assess the current practices and the influence ofrnschool and community factors on level of community participation in thernimplementation of school improvement program in government primary schools ofrnGullele sub-city. To achieve these objectives, a descriptive survey design wasrnemployed. From a total of nineteen primary government schools, six primaryrnschools were selected as a sample of the study using simple random technique.rnData were collected from teachers, students, community representatives in ParentTeacherrnAssociations (PTA) and School Improvement Committee(SIC) and educationrnofficials, and Non Government Organization (world vision) through questionnairesrnand interviews. The survey questionnaires were distributed to 90 teachers, 228rnstudents and 24 PTA and SIC members. Among the total of 342 distributedrnquestionnaires 342 (100 %) questionnaires were filled and returned. Moreover,rninterviews were held with school principals, educational officials and NonrnGovernment Organization (NGO) representatives.rnThe data obtained from questionnaires were analyzed using percentage. And therndata gathered via interviews were qualitatively described. Accordingly, the resultsrnof the study have suggested that the relationship between school and communityrnwas not close enough to lead to cooperative effort towards the implementation ofrnschool improvement programs and the effort of school administrators to involvernthe community in the implementation of school improvement program wasrninadequate. Financial constraints on the part of community significantly affectedrntheir participation in the implementation of school improvement program; andrncommunity awareness on school improvement program was low. Thus, to minimizernproblems related to community participation in school improvement program,rnschool-community relationship should be strengthened; training should be organizedrnfor administrators, PTA and SIC and for the communities on how to involve and workrnwith the community in school affairs; and orientation should be given to therncommunity to enhance their awareness on roles and responsibilities they have tornplay in the implementation of school improvement program