The study was carried out from March to May 2005 in Benishangul Gumuzrnregional state of Berta ethnic group. The major objective of the study wasrnto describe about maternal and newborn care practices during pregnancy,rnbirth and postpartum period. Questionnaire and focus group discussionrnwere used to collect the relevant data. Four representative areas and 120rnrespondents 30 in each were selected purposively. In the finding of thernstudy, the traditional and medical care, social care, nutritional care, ritualsrnand ceremonies, birth process, breastfeeding and other related postpartumrncare practices were described. Despite the presence of useful carernpractices such as social support, early breast-feeding, bonding and others,rnthere are also harmful traditional care practices such as colostrumsrnremoval, preventing the child from sunlight, absence of medical check upsrnand others. Extensive education towards the care of the mother andrnnewborn is recommended.