Spatial Analysis Of Cholera In Kaduna State Nigeria

The focus of this research is to analyze the spatial patterns and clusters of cholera epidemic infive local government areas(LGAs) of Kaduna State with the aid of Geospatial techniques. Toanalyze the spatial pattern and clusters of cholera epidemic in the study area, inventoriesprovided by the Ministry of Health Kaduna State, coordinate of the locations of towns andlocalities were used for the analysis in ArcGIS 10.3 software environment and R Statisticalsoftware. The method employed in this study is Ripley‟s k-function method to determine spatialclusters of Cholera epidemic, analyzespatial pattern of cholera, identify disease clusters and risksusing Geospatial Technology (GIS). The result shows that thereare about I87 locations ofpatients with Cholera disease cases in the study area from the year 2010 to 2015. Amongst thestudy area, Zaria Local Government Area, has the highest number of about 71 locations whichconstitutes about 37.97%, Igabi Local Government with 53 locations constituting about 28.34%,SabonGari Local Government with 19 locations constituting about 10.16%, Kaduna South LocalGovernment having 28 locations constituting 14.97%, and Kaduna North with the lowestlocations of about 16 patients (8.56%). It was found that there were about 1,363 reported casesof people with Cholera disease in Igabi LGA, being the area with the highest number and with217 cases in Zaria which is the lowest. The result showed that four among the five localgovernmentswere clustered with the exception of Kaduna North for which the disease pattern israndom. Moreover, the result revealed that the overall spatial pattern of cholera epidemic in thestudy area is clustered, and the overall cholera disease risk was more concentrated in Igabi andKaduna South LGA.

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