The main intent of this study was to look into the purposes rural Afar communitiesrnattach to schooling and their concern over curricular relevance. For this purposes, casernstudy design was employed based on which one zone, two woredas and six kebeles werernselected as source of information. Data were gathered from 23 rural Afar communities,rn10 teachers and 12 woreda education experts. In selecting the sample zone and Woredasrnsimple random sampling techniques were employed and purposive and availabilityrnsampling techniques were employed in selecting sample Kebeles and rural communities,rnteachers and education experts. Interview and focu s group discussion were the datarncollection instruments used in the study. The result of the study showed that, jobrnopportunity; regretted by their poor educational background; high value given torneducation, low demand of child labor and short distance between school and home werernidentified as factors that makes members of the community to educate their children.rnMoreover, the result of the study identified that there was no sex preference in attendingrnschooling and job opportunity for their children. But still labor demand identified asrnfactors that makes some community sex preference specially their daughters. On the otherrnhand little child labor; economic problem and mobility of the community makes somernmembers of the community not educate their children. Based on the findings constructingrnof semi-sedentary schools, mobile schools and boarding schools, development programrnsuch as settlement of the people, rangeland development program and extension andrnpackage program, the establishment of grinding mills, water walls around the village;rnequitable distribution of feeding program in all kebeles, non-formal education programrnand recruiting females into the profession were recommended.