The current study was conducted in tsetse and non tsetse controlled areas of the SouthernrnNation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State (SNNPRS) of Ethiopia. A cross sectionalrnstudy to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis as well as a drug sensitivity testsrnon T. congolense in both naturally and experimentally infected cattle and mice, respectivelyrnwere carried out. In the first study area, Humbo district, a total trypanosome prevalence ofrn4.8% (95% CI: 1.8–7.5) was recorded. In the second study area, Mareka district, a totalrnprevalence of 20.4 (95% CI: 14–26.8) was recorded. There was statistically significantrndifference in the mean prevalence of trypanosomosis between the two areas (P