Understanding the epidemiology and natural history of camel brucellosis is crucial for control. A cross-sectional study was conducted in two selected districts of Borana Pastoral setting, Southern Ethiopia from November 2020 to April 2021 to estimate sero-prevalence and assess associated risk factors of camel brucellosis. A total of 315 blood samples were collected from camels older than 6 months in Arero and Elwoye districts. The collected serum samples were screened using Rose Bengal plate test and positive samples were confirmed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between potential risk factors and sero-prevalence was computed using multivariable logistic regression and chi-square tests. Out of the total of 315 serum samples screened by Rose Bengal plate test 29 (9.21 %; 95 % CI: 6.25 â€“ 12.95) were positive for brucellosis, of which 9 (2.86 %; 95 % CI: 13.15 â€“ 53.54) were confirmed to be positive using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The statistical analysis showed that female camels which had history of abortion were more likely to be seropsotive than those which did not have abortion history (Ï‡2=5.51; p=0.014 and OR=6.2; 95 % CI=1.08 -35.86). Camels tested from large herd size were more at risk of acquiring brucellosis than those from small herd size (Ï‡2=9.02; p=0.0027and OR=17.04; 95% CI=1.77-164.04). The prevalence was higher (3.17 %; 95 % CI: 0.87 â€“ 7.93) in Elwoye district than in Arero (2.65 %; 95 % CI: 0.86 â€“ 6.07) although the difference was not statistically significant. The results of questionnaires revealed that 33 (73.33 %) of the respondents knew the brucellosis. Most of the animal herders had greater knowledge about the brucellosis than other participants of the study, which was statistically significant (P