The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of water consumed by kindergartenrnschool children in Addis Ababa city, who are highly susceptible to issues associatedrnwith heavy metal in water. Through conducting chemical analysis, the level of Lead (Pb)rnusing Micro Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer (MP-AES), total coliforms &rnE.coli in the water distribution system were measured at 38 schools. The study can bernconsidered as an unprecedented piece of work as it addresses critical issues andrnmethods to mitigate the problems caused by high concentration of Pb in water supplyrndistribution infrastructure. The samples were taken from 3 water supply sub-systems;rnAkaki, Legedadi and Gefersa. The results revealed that the average Pb concentration inrnthe city was 62.37Î¼g/L which was higher than the WHO recommended threshold valuernof 10Î¼g/L. The childrenâ€™s blood lead levels and exposure to Pb was also calculatedrnusing integrated exposure uptake bio-kinetic (IEUBK) model as per the USEPArnguidelines. In average figure, the model predicted that 20.17% of the children in the cityrnwill have their blood lead levels above the WHO recommended 10Î¼g/dL. In thernmicrobial analysis, 7 out of 38 schools were contaminated with total coliform bacteria.rnHowever, E. coli was not detected in any of the samples, meaning that all samples werernfree from fecal contamination. In addition, the free chlorine level of the samples wasrnalso tested. The results indicated that 16 out of 38 (42.1%) of the water samples had arnfree chlorine value below the WHO recommended 0.2mg/L. It is therefore, possible tornconclude that regardless of the different water sources, a water supply infrastructurerndetermines the concentration levels of lead and residual chlorine that reaches the endrnusers.