This project which consists of four chapters deals extensively with the design and construction of a battery charger which is capable charging a 12 volts, battery.

The first chapter which is the introductory chapter goes a long way in defining the battery charger and explaining of the mode of operation.

The second chapter went further to explain each component part of the battery charger. This ranges from:-

1. The transformer

2. The rectifier circuit

3. The filtering stage

4. Voltage regulation

5. Comparator

6. Thyristor

7. Resistor

8. Diode

9. Relay

10. Zener diode and

11. Light emitting diode (LED)

The third chapter explains more about the Testing Sensing and switching processes in the charger. It also gave the list of components and the circuit diagram of the battery charger.

The concluding chapter being fourth, tells us more about the circuit arrangements and the construction of casing and finally the overall cost analysis.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgement

Abstract

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Introduction

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Block Diagram of Battery Charger

2.2 Transformer

2.3 AC to DC Converter

2.4 Filtering

2.5 Voltage Regulation

2.6 Comparator

2.7 Thyristor

2.8 Resistor

2.9 Diode

2.10 Relay

2.11 Zener Diode

CHAPTER THREE

3.1 Network Synthesis and Testing

3.2 Power Supply

3.3 Sensing and Switching Circuit

3.4 Battery Condition Test

3.5 List of Component Values

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Conclusion

4.2 Cost Analysis

4.3 Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

A device, which consist of electrodes and electrolyte for the storage of chemical energy, but brings about a reaction between its electrodes and the electrolyte in a way to cause the flow of electrons through an external circuit is known as a battery.

There are two types of batteries, these include the primary and secondary battery. The primary (dry cell) is one whose electrolyte dries up when used to its ampere-hour rating and cannot be recharged while the secondary (wet cell) is one whose chemical energy can be restored through a charging process. There are different types of secondary battery. These comprises lead acid, Nickel-cadmium and silver zinc battery.

Furthermore, a battery is a combination of cells connected together and a cell is a simple source of electric potential. The maintenance of secondary battery is of importance partially where maximum performance and life are obtained. As long as a battery is in use, its stored chemical energy, which is being converted