Preliminary Studies On Immunopathogenesis Of S. Mansoni In Grivet Monkeys (cercopithecus Aethiops) Vaccinated With 20krad Irradiated S. Mansoni Cercariae

In this study, we established S. mansoni infection in the primates, Cercopithecus aethiopsrnaethiops (Grivet monkeys). Most of the clinical manifestations in human schistosomiasis likernfever, bloody diarrhea, loss of appetite, and swollen lymph nodes were noted in thernexperimentally infected monkeys. Due to the absence of the appropriate animal models, there isrnlittle understanding of immune-response development in schistosomiasis, which has created arnchallenge for designing an effective anti-schistosome vaccine. Repeated intraperitonialrnimmunization of the monkeys with 20Krad irradiated S. mansoni cercariae resulted in a relativelyrnless granulomatous reaction and EPG (P0.05) between both groups of monkeys. In primaryrninfection, IL-4 was significantly (p = 0.03) raised in the immunized monkeys, and for the samerngroup an insignificant (P > 0.05) increases in IL-10. However, ova excretion did not have anrninfluence on cytokines, except for the controls both IL-4 and IL-10 are significantly increased (prn< 0.05). Both IL-12 and INF- levels were lower after ova excretion in the controls, but therninflammatory TNF- has increased (P = 0.049) and these can be associated with more liverrnpathogenesis in the group. The immunization has minimized egg production and the developmentrnof granuloma in the liver of Grivet monkeys. Thus, this work has underlined the potentialrnimportance of the monkeys as the helpful models and provided a direction for research studies ofrndrugs or anti-schistosome vaccines.

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