Invitro determination of bacteriocidal effect of garlic extract on staphylococcus aureus causing skin and urinary tract infection (UTI) on some female patients were studied.

High vagina swab (HVS) samples were collected randomly from selected number of patients who had symptoms similar to that of Staphylococcus aureus activities. The samples were inoculated on Macconkey agar and nutrient agar and incubated at 37⁰c for 24-48 hrs. Colonies that appeared pinkish in whitish creamy and yellowish on nutrient agar were gram stained and examined microscopically. Also, biochemical tests were carried out in order to characterize the organism present in each positive sample 80% of the samples examined were found to react positively to Staphylococcal infections. It’s prevalence is more among the age range of 18 – 30 years. It is suggested that government should encourage public health education on the potency of the cheap and readily available antibacterial agent like garlic and it’s addition to daily dietary which will act as a prop drug especially to women to reduce the incidence of S. Aureus that causes skin and urinary tract injection. Garlic extract has been proved to be an excellent cure to the ailment.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to express my profound gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Nwaogbaga A.C. for his sincere advice, suggestion and guidance throughout the period of this project and the pains he took in reading through the manuscript and making necessary correction.

My thanks go to Mr. Nwamaghinna, my immediate elder brother Dick Sunday, and all my brothers who contributed immensely to the success of this project by giving me moral and financial support. My hearty gratitude also goes to the entire staff of science Technology Department. IMT. Enugu.

Finally, my thanks go to my only Sister Mrs. Comfort Enyinnaya and to my cousin Mr George O Chukwu and also to my faithful brother pastor Victor Mba who helped prayerfully to see that the work was well done.

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SUNDAY ENYIDIYA. P

STE/H2003/009

Title page

Certification

Dedication

Abstract

Acknowledgement

Table of content

List of tables

List of figures

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Aim and objectives

1.2 Hypothesis

1.3 Delimitation

1.4 Statement of problem

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and method

3.1 Bacteriological culture

3.2 Sterilization

3.3 Collection and transport of specimens

3.4 Laboratory examination of H.V.S. Sample

3.5 Biocehmical characterization of isolates catalase

3.6 Procurement and extraction of garlic extract

3.7 Serial dilution

3.8 Disc preparation

3.9 Impregnation of thegarlic extract into the paper disc.

3.9.1 Sensitivity testing of garlic extract

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 Result

4.1 preliminary identification of bacteria isolate

4.2 Biochemical test showing staphyloccoccus aureus

4.3 Sensitivity testing using garlic extract and three antibiotics indicating their zone of inhibition.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 Discussion, conclusion and recommendations

5.1 Discussion

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendation

LIST OF TABLES

PAGE

I The level of bacteria according to age range 37

II. Preliminary identification of bacteria isolate 38

III. Biochemical test carried out to identify staphylococcus

Aureus 39

IV Sensitivity testing using garlic extract and three

antibiotics 40

V Table for minimum inhibitory concentration 40

VI Bacteriocidal evaluation of garlic extract 41

LIST OF FIGURES PAGES

I CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ALLICIN 30

II Flow chart of garlic extract 30

III Flow chart of serial dilution 31

IV Disc before incubation 35

V Disc after incubation 36

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Allium satirum commonly known as garlic is an odoriferous plant belonging to a family lilacease. It is a small perennial herb with narrow flat leaves and surrounded by membranous patches, it is grown mostly in Northern Nigeria. It is used primarily for seasoning or spice and also for its medicinal property. The plant contain a medicinal properly just like other plants such as aloes, Indian liquorices, alligator pepper etc which are also found useful, although the extend is not accurately recorded. The medicinal property of garlic is due to its “sulphur” content which was believed to be responsible for it’s medicinal value. Garlic as a medicinal plant has been widely used and found to be effective on number of serious infections. Other plants like the ones mentioned earlier also have their medicinal properly, some which is as a result of the presence of ackloids, volatile oils, polyphenol and some related sulphur compound contained in them. Similarly, some are found to be used as vermifuge, stimulating carminative toxic and also as condiments and for treatment of worm bites just like garlic.

The diluted juice of the fresh bulb is used externally as a mild antiseptic and the finely chopped cloves added to food act as an effective vermifuge. By the distillation of the bulb, a volatile oil consisting mainly of daily disulphide