Since the time Ethiopia began participating in 5 and 10 km competition, the athletics team hasrndone so much. Looking into previous records, Ethiopia won a total of 53 medals in the Olympicsrnof which 39 medals (74%) were won in the 5 and 10 km competition. Similarly, of the 72 medalsrnwon on the world championship, 58 medals (81%) were contributions of the 5 and 10km athletics.rnHowever, this side of the athletics is showing decline of results for the past 10 years. Thisrnresearch is prepared taking this decline of results into account. Its objectives are to identify whatrnfactors are affecting identify which factor impacts more and recommend possible solutions.rnAccordingly, a survey of a population size which equals 59 and comprising of athletes,rnadministrative staff and coaches, questionnaires were made to be responded.The factorsrncategorized under administrative, coaches related, athlete related and private coaching werernmade to be rated by respondents. Results show that there are problems in almost all categoriesrncited. However the impact of the administrative factor to cause the decline of results in 5 and 10rnkm athletics is found to be the highest as it directly impacts the athletics and contributes for thernexistence or intensification of other factors considerably. As improving the administration canrnminimize the athlete and coach related factors as well as the probability of athleteâ€™s choice to berntrained by private coaches, it is hereby recommended that priority should be given to revising thernorganization and the whole system of the athletics administration and act on the other factorsrnaccordingly can bring about the desired changesand enable the team return to its previousrnreputation.