Viral And Chlamydial Etiology Of Acute Respiratory Infection In Infants In Addis Ababa

A case - control study was calTied out to establish the etiologic agents causingrnacute respiratory infections in infants in Addis Ababa using the immunofluorescencerntechnique. Special attention was given to viruses and Chlamydia trachomatis. Therninfluence of the level of education, passive smoking, breast feeding, andrnmeteorological factors in association with viral infection in acute respiratory infectionsrnwas investigated using the questionnaire data.rnNasopharyngeal aspirates of 225 cases and 178 control infants were studied forrnthe presence of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, influenza virus types Arnand B, adenovirus and Chlamydia trachomatis between January, 1992 and December,rn1992. The overall viral and chlamydial detection rate was 48.9%. The total viralrndetection rate was 32.9%, out of which respiratory syncytial virus accounted for 31.1 %.rnChlamydia trachomatis was detected in 16%. In control infants 2.8% of viral detectionrnwas observed. Five control infants had detectable viral antigens but no control infantsrnhad detectable Chlamydia trachoma tis antigens. Infants having acute respiratory infectionrnshowed significantly higher rates of viral detection than healthy control infantsrn(Chi-Square Yates cOlTected = 52.64, p

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