The demand of shoring and scaffolding systems for the construction of the new high-rise buildings in Addis Ababa is very high. Shoring and scaffoldings are usually constructed using Eucalyptus wood but currently the use of metal is emerging around Addis Ababa building projects. However, despite the short comings of the traditional Eucalyptus wood shoring and scaffolding, due to the level of development of the construction industry it still dominates the building construction industry. Recent concerns about safety, increasing height of buildings, operating cost and flexibility constraints are now requiring innovation in shoring and scaffolding systems in Addis Ababa. In order to make these necessary changes possible first there should be a clear understanding of the current practice of shoring and scaffolding systems. This study was conducted by selecting forty-four G+5 and higher building projects around Addis Ababa that are under construction during the study period. Site observation and questionnaires were conducted in the projects to get relevant data which helps to achieve the objectives of this thesis. The research findings indicated that Eucalyptus wood metal combination and Eucalyptus wood were the most frequently used materials for construction of shoring and scaffoldings, respectively. Capacity of a company, availability of shoring and scaffolding material in the company, and initial cost of the material were identified to be the top three influencing factors considered in selection of both shoring and scaffolding systems. Moreover, the pattern of the chosen material and geometry of the building and activity related factors such us, type of the slab, method of slab concrete construction, maximum floor height, degree of repetition of the work, expected floor cycle construction duration, height of the building and expected duration of work on the constructed scaffolding systems were also the other critically influencing factors. The research also indicated that speed of construction of metal shoring and scaffolding are faster than eucalyptus wood, and the initial cost of H-frame is higher than Eucalyptus wood, however, the life cycle cost of Eucalyptus wood shoring is higher than H- frame shoring. The average meter square cost of Eucalyptus wood shoring was found to be 34.4 birr/m2 or 47 % higher than H-frame shoring considering 4 times and 20 times life use of each material, respectively. Regarding safety of the shoring and scaffolding materials, buildings which were using Eucalyptus wood for both shoring and scaffolding systems have contributed the most to construction injuries occurring in the selected projects. A total of 10 or 42% of the incidents out of the 24 incidents, and 2 or 33% of the fatality out of 6 occurred in building projects using Eucalyptus wood for both shoring and scaffolding systems.rnKey words: shoring and Scaffolding systems, Methods and materials, Influencing factors