Integrated Geophysical Investigations At Gemeto Thermal Springs Awassa Main Ethiopian Rift

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In this thesis work three integrated geophysical investigations namely; gravity magneticrnand electrical resistivity sounding have been carried out over Gemeto thermal springs.rnThe area is situated in the central sector of the main Ethiopian rift at a close proximity tornthe SE of Awassa town.rnThe study aims at investigating all the necessary geothermal characteristics in the arearnbased on the thermal manifestations. To achieve the objectives of the research, thernrequired data for each of the geophysical method applied in this study are collected,rnprocessed, and interpreted .Based on the results obtained from the data analyzed usingrnstandard softwares; interpretations and concluding remarks are also given.rnResults from gravity survey indicate two interesting features; the first one is the heatrnsource for the Gemeto thermal springs has been characterized. Small area near the springsrnhas shown uniquely the lowest negative Bouguer anomaly values. In principle, lowestrnBouguer anomaly values are indicatives of either high cliffs or high density materials.rnOur study area is inside the Awassa caldera where high density volcanic rocks arerncommon with the lowest topography in the area. Therefore, the lowest Bouguer anomalyrnvalues in the area are interpreted as densities of rocks in the area are lowered due tornthermal expansion. The second one is the regional structural trend extending NE-SW thatrnis clearly shown on the Bouguer and regional anomaly map. Interpreted as an extensionrnand integral structure of the eastern escarpment of the rift.rnFrom the magnetic anomaly map, the area proposed by the gravity method to be thernpossible heat is also characterized by the lowest total magnetic field response. This isrninterpreted as rock units in that area are forced to lose their elements with magneticrnproperties due to high temperature. The method has also shown different major shallow fault structures mainly lying in NNE-SSW and N-S directions. The 2-D magnetic modelsrnprepared along two profiles also confirm these results.rnResults from vertical electrical soundings along one profile show that the first top layerrnup to 10m has resistivity values of 2-24Wm which is indicative of alluvium soil depositsrnin the area and the second layer of thickness between 20 to 60m, the resistivity valuernvaries from 12-37Wm which is interpreted as coarse clay materials. In both geoelectricrnand pseudosection diagram shallow structure between VES3 and VES4 is observedrnwhich is interpreted as one of the major shallow structures identified by magneticrnmethod. These shallow structures identified by magnetic and electrical methods arernpossible structures that recharge the area.rnBased on the joint analysis of these geophysical methods and thermal manifestation, thernarea has the potential for small scale development such as center for recreation andrnthermal therapy. Besides, additional geophysical methods are proposed to furtherrnreinforce the outcome of the study.

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Integrated Geophysical Investigations At Gemeto Thermal Springs Awassa Main Ethiopian Rift

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