The research mainly focused on the assessment of total quality management practices in building construction firms in the context of privet local contractors at the capital city of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa. The quality of building construction projects in different country shows the level of development attained giving that the construction industry provides most of the fixed assets of different country. The study explores factors affect quality management of the building construction firms, conformity of firms to quality management practices and the effect of firms size to conformance with quality management practices. Purposive sampling was used and 110 structured questionnaires were administered to building construction firms in order to assess quality management practices in fifty five private local contractors at Addis Ababa. The research findings showed, Companyâ€™s construction process oriented management (RII = 0.679), Customer centeredness (RII = 0.671) ranked highly significant as factor implementation of total quality management. Evidence based decision making (RII = 0.651), Information analysis and evaluation (RII = 0.634), In relation to human resource development (RII = 0.625), Top management consider strategic importance of quality (RII = 0.619) ranked medium significant as factor implementation of total quality management. Whereas Continuous improvement (RII = 0.609) and Supplies management (RII = 0.605) ranked low significant factor on the implementation of total quality management. The research also confirmed that there are some variations with regards to firm size in conformity with quality management practices. From the research findings, it was concluded that Total quality management is not a common practice, Implementation of quality management is greatly perceived as a mean to fulfill contractual obligations instead of satisfying the needs of clients. The research recommends The Management has to be committed and dedicated to the application of TQM in order to improve Quality.