Background: There is no room for complacency about AIDS anywhere. It is estimatedrnsome 5 million people become infected with HIV per annum. The pandemic is continuingrnunabated. Though more than 40 million people are living with HIV/AIDS today, we mustrnremember that this epidemic is still in its early stage in many nations. Since the major meansrnof transmission for the virus is heterosexual intercourse, identifying serodiscordantrncouples/partners through VCT would have paramount importance to mitigate the propagationrnof the disease.rnObjective: To assess the prevalence of serodiscordant test result possible socio demographicrnand behavioral determinants. Assessment of post test reaction of discordant couples &rnperceived competency of counselors towards couple counseling.rnMethods: The study was retrospective crossectional study design based on simple randomrnsampling of couples tested for HIV in 2004/5. The Ethiopian Standard VCT client recordrnformats was sorted chronologically to serve as sampling frame. The calculated sample size forrnthe quantitative study was 601couples (1202 individuals). Qualitative data was generated fromrncounselors and peer supervisors to enrich the quantitative data & address issues far fetchedrnquantitatively. Tape recorder and semi structured open-ended questions were used for thernqualitative data. Computerized data entry, cleaning and analysis was executed using relevantrnsoftware packages like SPSS and Open code. Ethical clearance was considered for each step,rnwhich mandates to do so.rnResult: The prevalence of sero discordance was found to be 9.8%. Of all study-subjects, 0.93rn% were concordant positive while the remaining 88.3 % were concordant negative.rnDiscordance was more prevalent among previously divorced and separated couples 22.4% &rn22.8 % respectively. Married couples found to be significantly discordant than premaritalrncouples, OR= 2.408; 95 % CI (1.26, 4.602); P=008.rnConclusion: several socio demographic and behavioral factors were associated with serorndiscordance for couples. Posttest reactions of couples were so grave, counselors used to facernconsiderable challenges.rnKey words: Behavioral determinants, HIV/AIDS, seroconcordant, serodiscordant, Sociodemographicrndeterminants, voluntary counseling and testing (VCT)