Background: HIV/AIDS is one of the pandemic diseases affecting many people in the world.rnIn the year 2008 it is estimated that 33.4 million [31.1million-35.8 million] people werernliving with HIV/AIDS worldwide. The human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) has created anrnenormous challenge worldwide. Since 1996, the advent of new classes of ARV drugs andrntheir use in combination prolonged many lives, improved quality of life, revitalizedrncommunities and transformed perceptions of HIV/AIDS from a plague to a manageablernchronic illness. Though there are few researches done in Africa including Ethiopia, arnsignificantly high mortality of patients on ART is registered than mortality of patients onrnART in developed countries. In Ethiopia, 179,183 clients have accessed ART till Februaryrn2010. The issue of mortality and quality of life in patients on ART is not yet well documentedrnbased on previous studies in Africa in general and in Ethiopia in particular except a fewrnstudy.rnOBJECTIVE:rnTo assess Predictors of mortality and health related quality of in HIV/AIDS patients receivingrnART in Adama hospital, Oromia regionrnMethodology:rnHospital based retrospective analytical study was done in Adama hospital, west shoa zone,rnOromia region from October 2009 to June 2010. Quantitative data collection method wasrnemployed to collect data from clinical records of patients with special focus on CD4 count,rnHg, BMI and WHO staging of the progression of HIV. A total of 255 subjects selectedrnsystematically were enrolled for the retrospective assessment. In addition to this, 258 subjectsrnselected randomly who were on ART treatment were also interviewed for Health relatedrnquality of life. Data entry, data cleaning was done by EPI INFO2002 version 3.5.1 which wasrntransported to SPSS version 15 and analysed.rnResult: In Adama hospital 14,620 patients were ever enrolled for HIV/AIDS care, 8,442rnpatients ever started ART and 5930 patients are currently on ART. Data of 255 patients onrnART (128 male and 127 females) was taken from clinical charts and ART data base. The agernranged from 18-64 with mean age of 34.6 years. All of them started ART from September tornAugust 2005.Of the 255 patients, 167 were from Adama town and 88 were from other places.rnMortality rate within five years of retrospective follow up was 41(16.1%). The findingrnshowed WHO stage IV [HR 3.28 95% CI1.65-6.53, p=0.001] and CD4