The overall objective of Ihis study is to assess the achievements of the five years strategic plan and challengesrnencountered in implementing the stralegic plan in the study ana Tole of the South-West Shewa Zone. In doing so,rnthe research was aimed 01 assessing and finding out major challenges that hindered the strategic plan'srnimplementation in the swdy ana and forward suggestions for fillure performance improvements of the water supplyrnand sanitation development endeavors. During Ihe study, both qualitative and quantilative research melhods werernemployed. Household survey, Key Informants interview and observation methods were the major data collect ionrn100is used to generate primary data. Moreover, all the necessary and relevant secondary data were also used 10rnsubstantiate the primary data. Data analysis of the research was done by using both descriptive stalistics (forrnquantitative data) and triangulating the findings of different research tools and data sources one with the olher (forrnqualitative data). It has been depicted thaI less emphasis was given 10 low cost and easily manageable water supplyrntechnologies such as on SpOI springs and hand dug wells with hand pump schemes. Implementing bodies havernshown unjl/stifled inclinalion to high COSI water supply technologies such as deep wells and machine drilled shallowrnwells though there IS good ground water potential which could be developed at community level with low cosl andrnsimple and easily manageable technologies. The absence of well organized water resources database (both developedrnand potentially to be developed) as to the ana IS also another problem encountered in making appropriate and costrnefficient water supply technology selection especially on NCOs implemented projects. The weak integralion amongrnstakeholders IS also another challenge which resulted in inefficient utilization of available scarce capital and humanrnresources. The absence of well coordinated monitoring and evaluation system has also aJfocted the constructionrnquality of water supply projects and their timely completion. Moreover, the very limited financial, human andrnmaterial resources capacity of local implementing bodies such as ana water resources office, less emphaSIS forrnconstructed water supply schemes' manageme11l and the scattered settlement pattern of Ihe people have been alsornamong challenges enCOU11lered during the implemenlation of the strategic plan which resulted in the slow pace ofrnIhe water supply and sanilation development. Therefore, it IS found recommendable 10 establish a well organizedrnwater resources database 01 Ana level so Ihal rational and appropriale water supply oplions' selection could bernfairly made. It IS also found importa11l 10 focus on community based low cost and easily manageable water supplyrnoptions that could be developed with the local capacity by mobilizing the communily at latge with the technicalrnsupport of local service providers using the available limited capital resources. It is also recommendable to build therncapacity of the Ana waler resource office by finance, logistics and materials and manpower (experiencedrnprofessionals) so that it can give timely response for communities' inquilY and can perfonn ils dulies successfullyrnwith its full capacity. Moreover, it IS found recommendable to give due emphasis for the developed water supplyrnschemes ' manageme11t to ensure their sustainability parallel to new water supply schemes construction. Therncoordination of all stakeholders being involved in the water sector development should also be well strengthened sornthat efficient uti!tzation of available scarce resources and improved pace of the sector deve/opme11l could be achieved