The main focus of this paper is the ethnic relationships between the Argoba peoplernwho currently live in the Argoba special woreda and the Afar and Amhara ethnicrngroups who are residing in Dulecha and Ankober woredawoch respectively.rnThe Argoba are one of the few ethnic groups who live currently both in Afar RegionalrnState and other parts of the country. The Argobba are one of the Semitic-speakingrnpeoples, and their language is part of the south Semitic group of language. On thernbasis of the new administrative division, the people are found spread in the Amhara,rnAfar, Oromiya, and Harari Regions.rnPartly based on secondary data, this paper will first review the ethnic conflict in thernhorn of Africa, and second it deals with ethnic relationships in Ethiopia. After that, itrnwill outline the background of theArgoba people and their neighbors. The primaryrndata was collected during a field visit to Argoba, Dulecha and Ankober woredawochrnrespectively for duration of two weeks. The primary data employed to collectrninformation were questionnaires, interview, focus group discussions, and personalrnobservations.rnThe paper tries to show the relationships of the Argoba with their neighbors based onrnprimary data collected through a fieldwork to the Argoba special woreda, Ankoberrnand Dulecha woredawoch. The researcher with his research assistants stayed twornweeks in the three woredawoch to collect information on the topic underrninvestigation.rnThe research stress the history of settlements of the Argoba to the present specialrnworeda, the historical and current relationships of the Argoba with their neighbors,rnperceptions of the Afar and Amhara towards the Argoba ethnic group, initiation forrnthe establishment of the Argoba special woreda, impact of the new federalismrnarrangement in the development of the Argoba special woreda.