The Incidence And Associated Risk Factors Of Endotracheal And Tracheostomy Tube Blockage In Intensive Care Unit At Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababaethiopia

Background: Endotracheal (ETT) and tracheostomy tube (TT) blockage is a common airwayrnaccident in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Although tube blockage is rarely fatal, it has a majorrnimpact on the quality of ICU care and the family of the patient12. The present study is aimed tornassess the incidence of ETT/TT tube blockage and associated risk factors including the tube size,rnshift of tube blockage, type of tube blockage, duration of intubation and frequency of suctioning.rnThe causes of tube blockage and outcome of tube blockage.rnObjective: To assess the incidence and associated risk factors of endotracheal tube andrntracheostomy tube blockage in pediatric, adult surgical and medical intensive care units in AddisrnAbaba University School of health science Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital.rnMaterials and Methods: After the department of Anesthesiology research committee approval,rnInstitutional based prospective cross sectional study was conducted from March to August, 2018rnto assess the incidence and associated risk factors of endotracheal and tracheostomy tubernblockage in pediatric, adult medical and surgical ICUs. Data was collected using formattedrnquestionnaire in ICU patients admitted to pediatric, adult medical and surgical ICU during thernstudy period. All admitted patients in ICU who were intubated with ETT or TT had beenrnincluded in this study whose consent was taken from the family. The collected data was entered,rncoded using Epi – info software and analyzed through SPSS software 23 version. Result: A totalrnof 276 patients were admitted in ICU, surgical 129, medical 81 and pediatric 66 ICU from thisrnpatient 122 were intubated, from those tube blocked, medical 5 (25%), surgical 9 (45%) andrnpediatric ICU 6 (30%) respectively. The Incidence of ETT/TT blocked was 20(16.4%). Fromrnthose ETT was16 (80%) and TT blocked was 4(20%) (P=0.042), most cause of tube blocked wasrnmucus 11(55%) then debris 4(20%), and 1(5%) kinked from pediatric ICU. Greater than 7 TDS’rn7(35%) were blocked, so tube blockage higher in number. The degree of ETT/TT blocked wasrnsimilar between in partial and complete blocked which was 10(50%) vs 10(50%) consecutivelyrn(P=0.025), so it is statistical significant. During the night shift tube blockage was 11(55%)rnslightly high in number, but during day shift, it was 9(45%). Conclusion: The overall incidencernof tube blocked was 20(16.4%), so it was higher compare to other studies might been higherrnsetup.

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