This study was made to assess the role of homegardens in in situ conservation of agrobiodiversity in Holeta Town. Data were collected from informants who were selected based on recommendations from community elders and local development agents. For garden data collection and detail study 32 homegardens were randomly selected. Ethnobotanical data were collected using homegarden observation, semi-structured interviews, market survey, preference ranking, direct matrix ranking and paired comparison. A total of 112 plant species belonging to 93 genera, and 43 families were identified which were classified in to 14 functional groups. Out of these, 49 species (43%) were herbs, 32 species (29 %) were trees, and 28 species (25 %) were shrubs, and (3%) species were climber. Further analysis of the results showed that 70 species were cultivated, 35 were wild while 7 species were Ethiopia domesticated. Of the cultivated species, 41.07% were food crops and 58.93% were non food crops. Family Fabaceae has the highest number of species (11species), whereas Ensete ventricosum was the most frequent (93.75%) plant of homegardens of the area. Garden management is by males (47.93%) and females (38.41%). About 59.38% of the gardeners had an average of 769.18 Birr/yr/HG income from vegetables, root and tuber plants frequently found in the homegardens. From the total plant species, 13% were medicinal plants; out of which 33.33 % were nutraceutical plants. Direct matrix analysis showed that Juniperus procera was the most important versatile species followed by Cordia africana. The study showed that homegardens are sites for domestication of wild species, trial site for new variety of species and in situ conservation sites for indigenous and wild species in addition to providing substantial benefits to the households. However; lack of agricultural support, diseases and pests, small garden size and few market oriented crops affect the diversity of species. The people of Holeta Town should be encouraged to cultivate versatile plants and their indigenous knowledge must be recorded for sustainable management.rnKeywords: Agrobiodiversity, Homegarden, In situ conservation, Indigenous knowledge