Parliamentary oversight is neglected area af research in many jurisdictions and there is veryrnlimited discussion on the area. The situation in Ethiapia is not exception in this regard and it isrntotally neglected. Democratic government is characterized by transparency and accountability.rnThe primary responsibility in this regard falls on the shaulder of the parliament. The parliamentrnhas the pawer and the mandate to oversight the executives to ensure their policy and actionrncommensurate with the need of society. By the advent of modern parliaments, the legislativernpreragative was the basic right to scrutinize government actions. The legislature, oftenrnconceived as the forum of the notion, acts as custodian of the electorate's trust. As such, it isrntasked with ensuring executive accountability through a rigorous parliamentary process thatrninvariably assesses the performance of Cabinet Ministers and their departments . However,rnnowadays; the lawmakers do not seem to attach the same impartance to this activity seeing itrnas a secondary functian. In this thesis the focus is assessing whether parliamentary aversight inrnEthiapia (at the federal level) is effective in ensuring constitutionalism and accountability. Tornthis end, the issue of the possible taols of parliamentary oversight that available to the House ofrnPeoples Representative and the factars affecting parliamentary oversight in Ethiopia also to berndealt. The FORE constitution empowers the House of Peoples Representative to call andrnquestion any government offiCials including the PM and may take any measures it deemsrnnecessary. Likewise, proclamation No.470/2005 and Regulatian No.3/2006 also empowers thernHPR to oversee the executive's overall actions and activities. Thus, this research aims atrnexamining whether the existing Ethiopian parliament is effective in discharging its constitutionalrnmandate of overseeing the executive and to what extent oversight ensures constitutionalismrnand accountability. The study examines the tools that the House uses in conducting oversighrrnand most importantly factors affecting parliamentary oversight. The study will be conducted byrnanalyzing pertinent laws and with theoreticol and practical analysis. Accordingly, the writerrnargues that the existing Ethiopian parliament is ineffective in conducting effective parliamentaryrnoversight. Thus, objective of oversight which the regulation provides, ensuring constitutionalism,rnrule of law and accountability among other things remain in question. At the federal level, (inrnEthiopia in general) there are different factors hindering the parliament's oversight function.rnAmong this factor most importantly the party system (one party domination), lack ofrnunderstanding of the signlficonce of oversight by the MP, inadequate resources like financialrnconstraint, experts and lack of commitment and the status of legislative- executive relation arernamong the challenges of parliamentary oversight.