The purpose of th is study was to assess the historical development of writing forrnAfan Oromo and to conduct the evaluation of the current orthography. The studyrnfocuses on how the Latin based orthography eventually came to be chosen andrnon the evaluation of the current orthography. To this effect, the descriptive surveyrnmethod was employed.rnSample schools were selected from three Oromia zones: West Shoa, SouthrnWest Shoa and North Shoa. The subjects of the study were 60 fourth gradernstudents and 30 primary school teachers. Simple random sampling techniquernwas employed to select the woredas and schools. And systematic sampling wasrnused to select the subjects of the study. Questionnaire, interview, observationrnand document analysis were used to obtain the necessary data. The gatheredrndata were analyzed by employing percentage, mean and narration.rnThe Afan Oromo Orthography, Qubee, was officially implemented 16 years agornto reduce the vernacular language for the first time as a popular literacy. ThernLatin based alphabet, Qubee, has been a point of controversy in view of thernsocio-political importance of the Ethiopic script in Ethiopia. In fa ct, Qubee wasrndeveloped as a form of resistance against the hostile language policy prevailingrnin the country under past regimes except Derg to some extent. As a result, therndesign and implementation of the 0/1hography has been full of a rash andrnemotionality rather than the objective analysis and evaluation of the 0/1hographyrnto work fur its imp rovement.rnTh erefore, Qubee has critical drawbacks in its design and implementation. In itsrndesign, it has challenges such as elongated word length because of doublingrnmonographs to in dicate gemination and vowel length. It has also a drawback thatrnit lacks a fixed convention of alphabetic order. Regarding its implementation, inrnaddition to the lack of rep etition and emphasis, some contents such as printrnconcepts and handwriting are absent from the literacy implementation. Inrnaddition, important preconditions such as trained man power, well preparedrntextbooks and teaching aids are not yet fulfilled. Accordingly, possible solutionsrnare made to the respective challenges pertinent to the orthography such as thernindication of gemination could be possible by using capital letters, on-the-jobrntra ining had better be provided for teachers, textbooks should be revised in thisrnrespect and tea ching aids preparation had better take place in schools ofrnOromia Regional State.rnVI