The Prevalence Of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection And Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Of Bacterial Uropathogens Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Zewditu Memorial Hospital In Addis Ababa Ethiopia
Background: Urinary tract infection is caused by colonization and growth of microorganismsrnsuch as bacteria, fungi and viruses within genito-urinary system. Most of these infections arernacquired through ascending routes from the nearby anal opening. Due to impaired host defensernand high glucose concentration in urine, diabetic patients are more prone to bacterial urinaryrntract infections than non- diabetics patients.rnObjective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bacterial urinary tractrninfection, along with associated factors and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacterialrnuropathogens among diabetes patients.rnMethodology: Hospital-based cross sectional study was conducted between May and July 2018rnat Zewditu Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Two handred twenty-five mid-streamrnurine samples collected for culture were inoculated in to Blood and MacConkey agar. Culturernresults showing significant growth were further tested for biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity.rnResults: 150 (66.7%)females and 75 (33.3%)males with age ranges between 20 and 80 yearsrnwere enrolled in this study. The overall prevalence of significant bacteriuria was 9.8%. Fivernspecies of bacterial uropathogens were isolated. Among these, E.coli (63.6%)was the leadingrncauses of significant bacteriuria followed by K.pneumoniae (13.6%). in bivariate logesticrnregression analysis significant bacteriuria was strongly associated with duration of diabetics,rnprevious urinary tract infections and symptomatic of urinary tract infection. In this study, neitherrngram-negative nor gram-positive bacteria were resistant to nitrofurantoin. In addition, all isolatedrngram-negative bacterial uropathogens were 100% sensitive to meropenem. In contrast, all gramnegativernbacterial isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin, doxycycline and cefuroxime. Onrnthe other hand, gram-positive bacteria were less resistant against tested antimicrobialsrnConclusion and Recommendation: Presence of previous urinary tract infection and duration ofrndiabetes were found as important associated factors that enhance urinary tract infection amongrndiabetes patients. This study also showed high prevalence of drug resistant against commonrnantimicrobials, particularly to co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, ampicillin, augmentin,rncefuroxime and penicillin suggesting the need for cautious use of antibiotic therapy for urinaryrntract infections. Therefore, Therapeutic selection for empirical treatment and management shouldrnbe based on the knowledge of the local bacterial profile and antimicriobial response.