Background: Strategies to respond to the global HIV epidemic include preventing new infections andrnproviding care and support to infected individuals. Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIVrn(PMTCT) is one of the strategies given high priority. In Ethiopia, 96 000 children under fifteen live withrnHIV, which is related to the prevalence rate of HIV/AIDS and mother to child transmission (MTCT) of the virus.rnWithout intervention, the risk of MTCT of HIV is 15-30% in non breastfeeding populations; breastfeeding byrnan infected mother increases the risk by 5-20% to a total of 20-45%. Studies have also shown the variation inrnMTCT rates by duration of breastfeeding, exclusivity of breastfeeding, and the danger of mixed feeding.rnObjective This study was at determining the levels and identifying determinants of KAP of mothers about VCT andrnfeeding of infants born to HIV positive women.rnMethods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by using quantitative data collection method withrnpre tested structured questioner on 300 mothers (79 pregnant and 221 lactating) residing in akaki kality subrncity from April to may 2014. Study subjects were selected using simple random sampling. Data wasrnanalyzed using SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics were used to describe characteristics of the studyrnsubjects and logistic regression model were used to predict the association of the independent andrnoutcome variable.rnResults: Among the mothers (n=300), 38.8% had sufficient knowledge about MTCT (during pregnancy, labor,rnbreastfeeding), 4 1.8% had sufficient knowledge about PMTCT, 30.5% had sufficient knowledge about infantrnfeeding options recommended to HIV positive women, 62.4% had favorable attitude towards VCT, 4.7% hadrnfavorable attitude towards the feeding options, 84.5% visited health institutions for antenatal care and 35.7%rnused VCT service during their last pregnancy. Beside these lactating mothers (n=221) practiced mixed feedingrn81.5%, exclusive breastfeeding 13.4% and most (91.1%) of the pregnant mothers intended to mixed feed theirrninfants of age 0-6 months. Based on logistic regression analysis, knowledge of the mothers about the infantrnfeeding options was significantly associated with their, age, husbands being important persons for mothers torndecide on how to feed their infants, and counseling mothers on infant feeding during ANC. Infant feedingrnpractices of lactating mothers was also having a statistically significant association with their ANC use, andrnplace of delivery.rnConclusion/ recommendation: Mixed feeding increases the risk of non HIV diseases like diarrhea andrnmalnutrition for infants of age 0-6 months, and for most of mothers didnâ€™t know their HIV status potentiallyrnincreases risk of MTCT of HIV. Therefore, strengthening counseling mothers on safe infant feeding practices,rnand introducing an appropriately designed BCC program to the community on safe infant feeding Practicesrnand importance of partners Involvement in HIV testing and counseling are mandatoryrnKey words: - Infant feeding, VCT, PMTCT, MTCT