Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, out-of-pocket expenditures constitute approximately 40%rnof total health expenditures, imposing financial burdens and limiting access to care in some ofrnthe poorest countries around the globe. Out of pocket (OOP) health care spending is one of thernmain sources for financing the Ethiopian health system. To reduce the catastrophic healthrnexpenditure the Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) scheme, implemented since 2011,rnis being progressively scaled up and targets informal sector workers and the poor in ruralrnareas.There are a lot of impacts on health due to conflict it is possible to understand those driversrnof health status that are direct measures such as mortality and indirect measures that is morbidity.rnObjective: - This study aims to explore the relationship between demand for health insurancernand civil conflict in pastoralist communities in Liben district of Oromia Regional State, 2020.rnMethods: -a cross-sectional study was conducted by using Systematic random samplingrntechnique among395 householdsthose are the residents of Liben woreda.Each household wasrninterviewed using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical methods were used to generaternfrequencies and the results were presented using table and graphs. Logit regression model werernused for data analysis to explore if there is a link between demand for health insurance and therncivil conflict.rnThe study wasconducted from May up to June, 2020 with 43,642.50 ETH. Birr budget.rnResult: Fifty eight percent of the study households were members of CBHI and 75.6% of thernhouseholds also faced civil conflict.Household with family size of 9-11 were 3.82 times morernenrolled to CBHI than those their household family size of with 3-5.The finding of this studyrnindicate (AOR=6.17, CI=3.25, 13.84) those people who did not experience severe losses ofrnincome since the onset of the conflict had 6.17 times more enrolled to CBHI than those whornexperience severe losses of income.rnConclusion: -The findings in this study reveal the adverse effect of conflict on demand forrnhealth insurance. The enrollment rate of CBHI among non-affected by conflict was higher. Thernimplication of the study finding is that the need to control civil conflicts in order to enhancernutilization of health service and provide financial protection using health insurance schemes.