The Performance And Challenges Of The Current Agricultural Extension Appr-oach In Food Crop Packages-a Case Study In Assosa And Bambasi Woredas Of The Benishangul Gumuz National Regional State
Rural And Local Development Studies Project Topics
Curre ntl y, agric ultural ex tension acti vity has been wide ly implemented indi fferent parts of thernworld. Agri cul tural extension is both a science and an art, which aims at improving the over allrnproductiv ity of the rural ' fa rmers. It usually introduces new techno logies or innovations fo rrnta rgeted groups of the society. In short, agricultural extension can be considered as a bridge thatrnlinks and faci litates a kind of hori zontal relationship among researchers, policy makers andrnfi ll"lners.rnThe l11ai n obj ccti vc of this study is to see overall performance of th e current ex tension approachrnin food crop packages- in the case of Assosa and Bambasi woredas of the Beni shangul GumuzrnNatio nal Regio nal State (BGNRS). These two woredas are relati vely access ible and pioneers tornintroducc the current ex tension approach. Due to such and other similar reasons, they werernpurpos ively sclccted fo r this particular study. Cross sectional survey method was employed torngath cr data fro m the selected sample househo lds of the areas. Each sample household wasrnra ndom ly se lccted from the stratifi ed groups (parti cipants and non-participants) of the samplingrnframe. In processes of data coll ection; constraints of money and time, scattered type ofrnscttlements, unfavorabl e cli mate and lack of road transportation were maj or prob lems.rnDescripti ve stat isti cs, measures of stati stical significance and logistic regression model were usedrnto analyze the data. In add ition to that, group di scuss ion was administered wi th representati ves ofrnagricultural o f'fi ces ofthe two woredas, development agents of the areas, Woreda administratorsrn'lI1d d iffe rent cxperts o f the regional agricultural bureau.rnAs the over al l results of the study clearl y shows, each sample households knows at least aboutrnthe existence o f' the current extension program . On the other hand, average yield ; gross benefitsrnand net benefits of cx tension plots are found better th an non-extension plots. The program is al sornfound contribu tin g a s ignifi cant change on food intake of the sample participants. But, onrnactiV ities likc demonstrations, fi eld vi sits, and group discu ssions; supports given to fann ers ofrnthe areas arc not much sati sfa ctory. Besides to th at, the role of farmers is not also wellrnconsi dered in the over all planning and implementation process of the program. Amongrnhypothesized vari ables; number of oxen, access to credit services, and dummy variabl es forrnscttle rs are foun d signifi cantly affect extension parti cipation.rnIn thc study areas; high illiteracy rates, language, marginali zation of women, declining in croprnprices, fin ancia l probl ems, lack o f access to credit services, absence of input delivering agencies,rnpoor tra nsportat ion, and absence of research in stitu tion are identi fl ed to be the main problemsrn(chal lenges) o f th e current extension program . Pl ann ers, policy makers, researchers,rnadm in istrators, extension agents, and others stakeho lders need to work coll aboratively to tacklernthese prob leJ11s. As l11uch as possible, early l11easures are hi ghly recoJ11J11ended. Other WIse,rnlilrJ11 erS will not be willing for continuing to participate in the program