Food security analysis has concentrated in and limited to estimation of vulnerability ofrnhouseholds to food insecurity and calculations of food deficits. This focus on vulnerability ofrnhouseholds to food insecurity has led to aid dependent food security strategy and proliferation ofrndevelopment agencies providing humanitarian aid. The humanitarian experiences and food aidrnprovisions to Ethiopia alone proves the failure of the vulnerability literature and its food aidrnpolicy version to empower food aid recipients. This conceptual gap enabled scholars to introducernthe concept of resilience to food security literature. This dissertation intends to study resiliencernof rural households to food insecurity. It examines livelihood asset endowments of householdsrnand their multidimensional food security status as well as their resilience capacity to adversernlivelihood outcomes. The study adopts sustainable livelihood and resilience integratedrnframework. The integrated framework emphasizes the necessity of resilience capacity ofrnhouseholds which heavily relies on their access to and control over livelihood assets mediated byrnconversion factors to pursue certain livelihood strategies to reduce food insecurity. Crosssectional survey study was conducted in six proportionately selected Kebeles of AhferomrnWereda, Central Zone of Tigray National Regional State. The primary data were gathered fromrnsystematically selected 400 rural households using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire.rnDescriptive and multivariate techniques were employed to analyze the quantitative data.rnQualitative data were also used to substantiate and support the quantitative data findings.rnThe livelihood asset endowments of households were estimated using asset index. Asset indicesrnclose to zero imply low asset endowment while index scores close to one imply high assetrnendowment of households. The aggregate asset endowment analysis revealed that thernhouseholds, on average, had 0.127 asset stock. This small asset stock indicates that thernhouseholds are vulnerable to multitude of natural and manmade shock factors and undesirablernlivelihood outcomes. The disaggregate livelihood asset endowment analysis reveals that humanrncapital and social assets are relatively abundant in the study area. Financial capital is the leastrnreadily available livelihood asset in the area. The study revealed that the credit householdsrnborrowed from formal and informal institutions is ineffective to reduce food insecurity ofrnhouseholds due to inappropriate usage and high interest rate in the area. It explicitly calls for thernintroduction of financial asset package, and tight monitoring and follow up mechanisms. Thernanalysis further calls for broad-based infrastructure development, rural electrification, alternativernenergy supply as well as secondary and preparatory school expansion.rnviirnThe multidimensional food security analysis reveals that none of the households in the area arernmulti-dimensionally food secure. This complete absence of multi-dimensionally food securernhouseholds in the area portrays that the existing structures and processes are not enabling them tornconvert the livelihood resources they are endowed with into desirable [food secure] livelihoodrnoutcomes. The study found out that almost all of the studied households were multidimensionally [mildly] food insecure in the survey time. This high mild food insecurityrnprevalence demonstrates that a small deviation in reduced agricultural production and reductionrnin the long-term productive safety-net program could push a significant percentage of householdsrninto moderate or severe food insecurity condition. The finding of multidimensional food securityrnanalysis calls for modernization of agricultural input supply system, institutional restructuringrnand agricultural technology generation and innovation to transform the smallholder agriculturernand revolt the overall economy.rnResilience of households to food insecurity here refers to the ability of those households tornmaintain certain level of food security in the shock-prone area. It is a latent variable made up ofrnmultiple indicators (or components). The aggregate resilience capacity analysis indicates thatrnhalf of the sampled households were resilient while the rest were less resilient. The separaternanalysis of resilience dimensions reveals that social capital and adaptive capacity are relativelyrnabundant in the area. They have conversely limited access to basic services and foods. It alsornconfirmed that gender disparity undermines resilience capacity of households where male headedrnhouseholds were more resilient than their counterparts. This is backed up by the descriptivernanalysis that indicates half of the multidimensionality food insecure households were resilient tornfood insecurity. The analysis indicates that the resilience capacity of households decreases withrnincreasing food insecurity measured by HFIAS. Similarly, over half of the multi-dimensionallyrn(mildly) food insecure households have high resilient capacity. The study infers that foodrninsecure households are not necessarily fragile. This implies that food security studies withoutrndue resilience capacity analysis do not provide the true picture of livelihood condition ofrnhouseholds