The main purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and contribution of UNICEF assistedrnprimary education project to education development ofOromia Regional State from 2007108 to 2009110.rnIn order to attain objectives of the study a descriptive survey method was employed. The study was carriedrnout on UNICEF assisted primary education project 12 woredas of 9 zones in the region. These samplesrnwere selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data were gathered through questionnaires,rnunstructured interview, focus group discussion, and project and education documents. The data werernanalyzed using frequency, percentage, mean values, standard deviation (SD), standard error of meanrn(SEM) and T-test. The findings show that the fund contributedfrom 2007108 to 2009110 were 85,672,912rnfrom this utilized amount within planned years were 31,487,018 whereas, utilized in the next fiscal yearrnwere 42,065,307and unutilized were 791,367. The project was contributed through constructed andrnmaintained ABE Centers, CFS, and classrooms, jilYniture, uniform and basic learning materials suppliesrnand provision of capacity building trainings. The number of primary schools in sample lVoredas wasrnincreased from 430 in 2007108 to 535 in 2009110. As a result the number of enrolled students shows anrnincrease from 243,274 in 2007108 to 291,143 in 2009110. However, these achievements were not onlyrnUNICEF effect but also jOint effort with government. The study jilYther disclosed that inadequacy ofrnexisting project organizational design, lack of project knowledge, technical and conceptual skill andrnexperience among project decision-makers and personnel, frequent project personnel turnover, lengthy ofrnfinancial process and procedures, delayed fund release and liquidation, unreleased fund, lack ofrnindustrial materials at local level, delayed, piecemeal and incomplete set of supplies provision, short ofrnexecution period, and lack of effective monitoring and evaluation system inhibited project contributionrnand effectiveness. Thus, effectiveness of the project within planned time was found to be below desired.rnFinally the study recommended that the Oromia education bureau has to organize project structure byrnmatrix system, build capacity of project decision-makers and personnel's through in-depth and continuousrntraining, reduce scope of project as per resource, develop workable schedule and manual, compromisernwith donor organization to decentralize purchase of locally available supplies, maintain activitiesrnexecution as schedule and develop efficient monitoring and evaluation system.